Scientific Background & Ingredient Research
Niacinamide (Vitamin B3)
Widely studied for supporting skin barrier function, reducing transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and improving overall skin texture and appearance.
Study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17121065/ (Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 2006)
Sodium Hyaluronate (Hyaluronic Acid)
Known for its exceptional water-binding capacity, contributing to visible plumping and improved surface hydration.
Review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18498456/ (Dermatologic Therapy, 2008)
Panthenol (Pro-Vitamin B5)
Recognized for its soothing properties and ability to support skin barrier recovery and hydration balance.
Study: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17373175/ (American Journal of Clinical Dermatology, 2007)
Collagen
Topically applied collagen is widely used in cosmetic formulations to support surface hydration and contribute to a smoother, more conditioned skin appearance.
Review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26228777/ (Journal of Drugs in Dermatology, 2015)
Glycerin & Trehalose
Effective humectants that help maintain skin moisture levels and support long-lasting hydration.
Review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20683472/ (British Journal of Dermatology, 2010)
Tocopheryl Acetate (Vitamin E)
An antioxidant known to help protect skin from oxidative stress and support overall skin conditioning.
Review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7633947/ (Free Radical Biology & Medicine)
Botanical Extract Complex
Rosa Centifolia (Rose), Jasminum Officinale (Jasmine), and Bellis Perennis (Daisy) flower extracts are traditionally valued in cosmetic science for their skin-conditioning and soothing properties, while contributing to a refined sensory experience during application.
Review: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23904128/ (Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology, 2013)